After creating the partition table, your new disk should look like "SCSI1" in the example below. Select a hard disk to create a partition table and click. When you get to the "Partition disks" page, select Manual.įrom this new page, we are able to see all of our hard disks and begin creating our partition tables. To get to the "Partition disks" page, go through the installation process of Ubuntu 18.04, choosing the appropriate language, country, keyboard layout, a primary network interface, a hostname, username, password, and time zone. Now that we have a basic understanding of the most commonly used RAID levels, we are ready to start configuring RAID. Note: Calculations for the speed gain column are based on using the minimum number of disks allowable for the RAID level. Let's take a look at some comparisons of RAID levels. However, this only guarantees you redundancy for a single-drive failure, regardless of the total number of disks in the array. One drive may fail per subarray in a RAID 10 setup. The amount of disks available for RAID 10 is the number of disks in the array divided by two. RAID 10 is also known as a stripe of mirrors since the data is striped across the entire array, but within the subarray, the data is mirrored. It has the redundancy benefit of RAID 1 with the speed benefit of RAID 0. RAID 10 is a combination of RAID 1 and RAID 0. It gains the fault tolerance of being able to lose two disks, though it loses a little bit of read speed in comparison to RAID 5. RAID 6 requires a minimum of four disks for the algorithm to work. Unlike RAID 5, RAID 6 uses two parity bits know as double parity. RAID 6, much like RAID 5, uses an algorithmic calculation known as a parity function for redundancy. Only one drive may fail in a RAID 5 setup. The amount of disks available for RAID 5 is the number of disks used minus one, so if you are using four disks you will have three disks worth of data available. It has advantages over RAID 1, as you get access to more storage from the disks due to the striping. With RAID 5, you need a minimum of three disks for the algorithm to be able to rebuild the data when a drive fails. RAID 5 stripes data across the disks like RAID 0 but also uses an algorithmic calculation known as a parity function for redundancy. The drawback is that mirrored data means you will only ever have the storage capacity of the smallest disk in the array since the same data is copied onto each disk. This gives you complete redundancy with your data as long as one of your disks is still functioning. RAID 1 mirrors data across all disks in its array, meaning each block of data is written to each disk. RAID 0 is ideal for nonessential environments where speed is preferred such as testing environments or housing photos/videos that the user is comfortable losing in the event of disk failure. Data is stored in a segmented fashion on both disks for any given file so losing one disk is sufficient to lose all of the data stored on the array. This means that, when utilizing RAID 0, there is no redundancy. If there is data remaining after the last disk, the next block is written to the first disk and the cycle continues until all blocks are saved. RAID 0 breaks a file into blocks which are then written to each disk (first block to the first disk, second block to the second disk, and so on). Note: If you are using disks of different sizes in a RAID, each disk will default to the capacity of the disk with the least amount of storage space. Let's take a look at each of the commonly used RAID types and why you would want to choose them. Some are more focused on redundancy, others are focused on faster read/write times, and others still are focused on availability. These arrays differ depending on the RAID level that is used. RAID is a storage virtualization technology that combines multiple disks and puts them into an array. In this article, we will go over the most common types of RAID, their use cases, and how to configure software RAID on Ubuntu 18.04. Knowing the different RAID options will let you make an informed decision about how you should store your data. Choosing the right RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks) level for your storage array is essential to ensuring that your server meets your speed and redundancy needs.
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